Essay abortion thesis statement
Thursday, August 27, 2020
Corporate Governance Of Ethical Activities ââ¬Myassignmenthelp.com
Question: Talk About The Corporate Governance Of Ethical Activities? Answer: Presentation Liquidity is viewed as the phase where it gets hard for the association to direct its business tasks and thus organization needs to sell its benefits when the organization gets dissolvable. A definitive purpose for liquidation can be considered as high obligation trouble where the organization has taken the higher measure of credit and can't reimburse the bookkeeping back. The current examination depends on three associations named HIH protection, OneTel organization and ABC discovering that have gone into the procedure of liquidation because of the nearness of various reasons. Aside from this corporate administration and moral exercises of the organizations have been broke down in the current examination. Occasions That Led To Liquidation Countless substantial reasons are available because of which organizations working in the market arrives at the liquidation stage and thusly, it gets hard to lead generally speaking tasks. The liquidation of HIH protection was the greatest case of liquidation in the Australian showcasing where the general investigation has indicated that a few issues in the interior arrangement of the endeavor were available, for example, incapable checking, lack of common sense, insufficient use of monetary assets, etc(Jiangbo 2008). HIH bunch works on the more extensive premise and is involved HIH Casualty, FAI general insurance agency, General protection restricted, and so forth. Further, the executives of the association penetrated their obligation, and because of this explanation, they were not engaged with the key issues of the undertaking. In general the corporate culture of the business was traditionalist in nature alongside the poor administration rehearses that legitimately prompted the defeat of the association in the market. Considering the obtaining technique of HIH organization which was additionally forceful and this went about as the fundamental issue while boosting benefits. In March 2001, the assessed estimation of the firm was between $3.6 billion and $5.3 billion as examined by vendors. Further, the liquidation of the business seriously influenced the development part where various manufacturers attempted by the organization needed to look for substitution coverage(governance 2011). The key explanation for liquidation was the powerlessness of the association to pay cases of protection strategy holders and another type of obligations that were expected. The report distributed by the HIH illustrious commission showed that organization saw loss of $73 million against a net earned the premium of $1550 million on 30th June 1999. Along these lines, this mirrors the key explanations for the disappointment of the organization in the market. If there should be an occurrence of OneTel organization, a definitive explanation for disappointment was improper corporate administration. Chiefs of the association has the high measure of power over the significant issues and on different administrators. Further, this straightforwardly prompted the irreconcilable circumstance and this was principally undermined because of the arrangement of non-evaluated administrations of the association. The top officials of the organization were not in any way ready to oversee key exercises, and this raised circumstance of liquidation. The organization couldn't deal with its primary costs as the satisfactory measure of benefits were not earned(Monem 2011). This circumstance was unfriendly for OneTel organization working in the market. Some legitimate reasons because of which association ventured into liquidation position weren't right vital choices, insufficient evaluating strategy, unbridled development, and so forth. Further, every association needs to make some restorative move for overseeing by and large expense and this is just conceivable when legitimate arranging is finished by top officials which were absent if there should arise an occurrence of OneTel company(governance 2011). Then again, a few issues have been distinguished in the corporate administration structure of the undertaking that includes ineffectual review control, poor compensation to execution interface execution, wrong correspondence among the executives and board. Because of all these substantial reasons, it turned out to be very hard for OneTel organization to work in the market and friends needs to close down its tasks. Considering the instance of ABC learning focus where the key activities of the organization were to convey youth training administrations in the market of Australia. Further, because of the nearness of an enormous number of reasons association couldn't make due in the market(Sammut 2008). The key explanation was the ascent in the general degree of the costs that includes promoting cost, staff pay and another kind of expenses because of which gainfulness level of the organization declined at the quicker pace. Further, corporate administration practice of the association was likewise wrong where top administrators of the firm couldn't oversee generally speaking tasks. In the year 2008, the association endured the loss of 1.78 billion. Aside from this, the indebted person chief casted a ballot to go into the act of intentional organization in Australia. Aside from this, money issue was seen by the firm in the year 2008 and because of this explanation circumstance of liquidation occurred (Crikey 2008). The firm couldn't deal with its significant costs, and in general benefit level diminished at the quicker pace. In this way, these were a portion of the legitimate reasons because of which ABC learning needs to close down its activities. The Reason Behind Companys Financial Stress At the hour of completing business exercises and tasks, it is required by partnerships to deal with regions, for example, corporate administration and morals. In easier terms, corporate administration can be characterized as the arrangement of rules and methods which advances long haul connection among the board and all partners. The acts of corporate administration directly affect the general tasks and business exercises of an association. Organizations, for example, HIH insurance agency, ABC learning focus, and One Tel have set the case of how improper corporate administration practices can build the general money related weight on businesses(Bank 2006). The practices did HIH insurance agency can't be named as moral as the companys Board of chiefs were enjoy break of The Corporate Act which is totally against business morals. In any case, the insurance agency has taken exacting activities against those executives by limiting them to be the piece of dynamic procedure. Traditionalist corporate culture is additionally considered as another central point which has brought about money related disappointment or liquidation of HIH insurance agency. Another motivation behind why HIH insurance agency rehearses are considered as untrustworthy is that the association has misinformed the speculators by introducing incorrectly monetary figures and information before them(Steele, Wee Ramsay 2016). Such sort of practices legitimately brings about making a few obstructions in the drawn out development and achievement of organizations. The money related disappointment of ABC learning focus is another model which demonstrates the centrality of corporate administration practices and morals in business operations(Walsh 2010). The organization couldn't get a sufficient measure of income, and in general activities were influenced by the equivalent. In the short run, the learning community was some way or another ready to deal with its operational expense though, in the long haul, it turned out to be very hard for the organization to manage the equivalent. The disappointment in corporate administration practices can likewise be seen by the way that ABC learning focus couldn't do compelling administration of the assets which it has gotten through the prestigious banks working in the country(Sammut 2008). The idea of morals and corporate administration mirror the way that it is required by organizations to gauge the effect of choice the on all partners before taking any choice. In any case, the instance of One Tel was totally against this idea and this, brought about liquidation of the organization in the long run(Morrison Anderson 2015). Here, the two CEOs of One Tel were taking significant choices connected with money related administration, tasks and the perspectives on others on the board were not taken into consideration(Lane 2016). The consequence of this is the association begun to observe, for example, deficiency of funds and misfortunes consistently. Another explanation, which has prompted the liquidation of One Tel, can be named as its evaluators irreconcilable situation. Central point Liability Obligation alone can't be considered as the purposes for liquidation of HIH insurance agency, ABC learning focus and One Tel. The fundamental explanation here is that these organizations couldn't complete moral practices and activities with rules of corporate administration. In the cutting edge time, the opposition among organizations in Australian market has become so extraordinary that it is not, at this point simple for organizations to support in long run(Saville 2003). Moreover, morals and works on as indicated by the rules of corporate administration can helps with doing smooth progression everything being equal and exercises. HIH insurance agency, ABC learning focus and One Tel money related disappointment can be named as ideal case of the circumstance which can be happened because of insufficient and inadequate monetary planning(Kruger 2011). These organizations would have dealt with their income and funds via completing after business morals and corporate administration rehearses. End In the cutting edge period, organizations can't support in the commercial center without completing sufficient money related arranging. Moreover, organizations ought to abstain from actualizing corporate societies which are profoundly preservationist. It very well may be construed that HIH insurance agency, ABC learning focus and One Tel money related disappointment because of absence of corporate administration rehearses is a major learning for different organizations working in the Australian market. The disappointment in acquiring required income has brought about making a few deterrents in the development of the organization. References Bank, TW 2006, Case Studies on the, saw 13 September 2017,
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Marriage in Kate Chopin’s “Story of an Hour”
In Kate Chopping ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hour, the creator utilizes incongruity and imagery so as to underline her contention: even the kindest and generally adoring of relationships can be severe. In this short story, Mrs.. Mallard, who Is the principle character, is a white collar class lady who has recently lost her better half In a horrible mishap. Her sister and one of her late spouse's companions are there, and It Is they who break the news to her, being cautious about It since she has heart issues. ââ¬Å"Knowing that Mrs.. Mallard was burdened with a heart inconvenience, incredible consideration was taken to break to her as delicately as conceivable the updates on her better half's passing. (p. L). Thinking about her significant other's passing, she (Mrs.. Mallard) secures herself her space to obviously grieve and rather understands that she has gotten away from the grips of marriage and is ââ¬Å"free, free, free! â⬠finally. She grasps her recently discovered opportunit y and triumphantly looks at the life ahead. Close to the end, she comes out of her room and strolls affectionately intertwined with her sister down the steps to locate her late spouse at the entryway, which makes her heart give way, in what the specialists announced ââ¬Å"of heart disease?of delight that executes. At the point when she is first recounted her significant other's demise, she withdraws into her room and bolts the entryway behind her, awaiting to be disregarded. Once on her seat, she begins to let her sentiments course through her, from the start, there is bitterness and grieving, yet later on she understands that she doesn't feel all that awful about her better half dying, Instead, she feels cheerful and celebrated, and begins to look advances to those days she had feared the day preceding. ââ¬Å"She inhaled a snappy petition that life may be long.It was just yesterday she had thought with a shiver that life may be long. â⬠She watches out of the open window in her room and sees the allowing in its sprout, with flying creatures flying about, sparrows singing delicately, patches of clear blue sky appearing to a great extent. These are images for expectation and opportunity. Fowls are animals without limits, unbounded and unbound to the ground, which we could interpret as meaning marriage. She presently feels Like a winged creature, ready to take off into the sky, leaving her establishing marriage behind.It is essentially an image of opportunity and trust later on. This likewise discloses to us that her marriage, despite the fact that it was certifiably not a brutal and cold marriage was an abusive one. â⬠She realized that she noisy sob again when she saw the sort, delicate hands collapsed in death; the face that had never looked spare with adoration upon her, fixed and dark and dead. â⬠And ââ¬Å"And yet she had adored him?sometimes. Frequently she had not. What did It make a difference! â⬠These incapable to do as her hear t wants, bound to a cold marriage forever.Now, she has been allowed to be free, to pick herself what she really needs and the open window is the image for that. Outside of it lie every last bit of her potential prospects. At long last, she wraps up by tolerating her opportunity and murmurs the words she feared o a lot to state ââ¬Å"free, free, free! â⬠Finally, the reason for her passing is her bombing heart. She bites the dust when she understands that every last bit she had always wanted of opportunity and freedom have been broken by the presence of her undead spouse. There is a sort of wiped out incongruity in this.First off, we thought it was he who had passed on, however toward the end their jobs are turned around and it is she who winds up biting the dust. Next, the specialists expect that she passed on of ââ¬Å"Joy that killsâ⬠, as it were, she was excessively upbeat of seeing her better half well and alive that is was a lot of her heart. The peruser, who has app roached ere contemplations and wants, realizes that she passes on of misery of not having the option to continue living unreservedly and freely without him. She passes on in light of the fact that he breaks her fantasies, not on the grounds that he satisfies them.This takes us to Chopping second contention, that demise is the main way out of the controls of marriage. For all we know, Mrs.. Mallard remains at home a long time, since her seat is ââ¬Å"sunken inâ⬠which persuades that it is every now and again utilized and hence she invests the majority of her energy at home. This control is the thing that she can't remain of marriage, incapable of doing the thing she needs when she needs to do them. The main way she can get away from this detainment is by the demise of her better half, which sets her free.Chopin is fundamentally contending the familiar axiom ââ¬Å"The truth will set you freeâ⬠. Realizing that her significant other has passed on, she lets reality grab hold of her, understanding that she's at long last going to be upbeat. Be that as it may, when Mr.. Mallard walks unconsciously through the entryway, she crumples on the floor and kicks the bucket. Reality, that he wasn't in reality dead has liberated her, has separated her from her severe marriage. At the absolute starting point of the story, truth be told, the absolute first thing we think about Mrs.. Mallard is that she has heart issues ââ¬Å"Knowing that Mrs.. Mallard was distressed with a heart troubleâ⬠¦ In this short story, Mrs.. Mallard's coronary illness is an image for her marriage and marriage when all is said in done in the technetium, in which marriage lies at the core of society. Marriage is the pulsating heart of society, what ties it together, and is subsequently an unbreakable bond, if you somehow managed to conflict with it you would conflict with society itself. This, from Chopping (Kate) perspective is unsatisfactory; marriage ought to be kept just if there is lo ve, not normal for Mrs.. Mallard and her significant other. ââ¬Å"And yet he had cherished him?sometimes. Regularly she had not. What did it make a difference! The creator causes the heart to speak to marriage, and to show that it is a messed up foundation she gives Mrs.. Mallard heart issues. This is a reasonable proclamation against marriage, disclosing to us that it has lost its significance and has become a wiped out type of restricting individuals together. In the story, it additionally hints the occasions that happen later on, to be specific, her passing because of a degenerate and broken marriage. In her short story, Kate Chopin reveals to us that ladies feel persecuted by marriage whether it is a caring marriage or not, and hello long for opportunity and independence.She does this with the assistance of images, for example, the open window, speaking to spring, opportunity, expectation, freedom, and the conceivable outcomes of her new life and breaking the obligations of a h arsh marriage, the heart issue that torments Mrs.. Mallard which speaks to how marriage is ââ¬Å"sickâ⬠just way a lady can get away from marriage by having her pass on rather than him who as far as anyone knows kicked the bucket toward the start of the story. With everything taken into account, she discloses to us that all relationships limit ladies and deny them of their opportunity and freedom, that persecution is in the very idea of each marriage.
Friday, August 21, 2020
Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesterns Kellogg School of Management
Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school to attend, but the educational experience is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy (âMarketing and Marketing Strategyâ) to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching MBA students, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms, and students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class, but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs 2007 Lavengood Award for Outstanding Professor of the Yearâ"an award voted on by Kellogg students. According to the schoolâs Web site, Hennessy focuses her writing efforts on producing new cases for class discussion; she recently completed cases on TiVo, Apple iPod and Zithromax. For more information about Kellogg and 14 other top-ranked business schools, check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school to attend, but the educational experience you will have is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy (âAdvanced Marketing Strategy,â âIntroduction to Marketing,â âMarketing Laboratory Course: Generating Profitable Growthâ) to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching Kellogg MBA students, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms, and students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class, but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs 2007 L.G. Lavengood Outstanding Professor of the Year Awardâ"which is voted on by Kellogg students. In addition, she has won four student impact awards and five Chairâs Core Course Teaching Award sâ"with the most recent having been conferred in 2013 and in 2010â"2011, respectively. The schoolâs Web site notes that Hennessy focuses her writing efforts on producing new cases for class discussion; she has completed cases on such brands as TiVo, Apple iPod, Invisalign Orthodontics, and (as separate cases) the antibiotics Biaxin and Zithromax. For more information about Kellogg and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school, but the educational experience you will have is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching Kellogg MBA students, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms, and students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class, but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs 2007 L.G. Lavengood Outstanding Professor of the Year Awardâ"which is voted on by Kellogg students. In addition, she has won four student impact awards and five Chairâs Core Course Teaching Awardsâ"with the most recent having been conferred in 2013 and in 2010â"2011, respectively. The schoolâs Web site notes that Hennessy focuses her writing efforts on producing new cases for class discussion; she has completed cases on such brands as TiVo, Apple iPod, Invisalign Orthodontics, and (as separate cases) the antibiotics Biaxin and Zithromax. For more information about Kellogg and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school. However, the educational experience you will have is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching Kellogg MBA students as a clinical professor of marketing, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms, and students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class, but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs 2007 L.G. Lavengood Outstanding Professor of the Year Awardâ"which is voted on by Kellogg students. In addition, she has won four student impact awards and five Chairâs Core Course Teaching Awardsâ"with the most recent having been conferred in 2013 and in 2010â"2011, respectively. The sch oolâs Web site notes that Hennessy focuses her writing efforts on producing new cases for class discussion; she has completed cases on such brands as TiVo, Apple iPod, Invisalign Orthodontics, and (as separate cases) the antibiotics Biaxin and Zithromax. For more information about Kellogg and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school to attend, but the educational experience is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy (âMarketing and Marketing Strategyâ) to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching MBA students, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms, and students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class, but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs 2007 Lavengood Award for Outstanding Professor of the Yearâ"an award voted on by Kellogg students. According to the schoolâs Web site, Hennessy focuses her writing efforts on producing new cases for class discussion; she recently completed cases on TiVo, Apple iPod, Invisalign Orthodontics, Biaxi n, and Zithromax. For more information about Kellogg and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school. However, the educational experience you will have is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching Kellogg MBA students as a clinical professor of marketing, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms, and students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class, but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs L.G. Lavengood Outstanding Professor of the Year Awardâ"which is voted on by Kellogg studentsâ"in both 2007 and 2017. In addition, she has won six student impact awards and five Chairâs Core Course Teaching Awardsâ"with the most recent having been conferred in 2017 and in 2010â"2011, respectively. And in the fall of 2016, Hennessy received the schoolâs Certificate for Impact Teaching Award. The schoolâs Web site notes that Hennessy focuses her writing efforts on producing new cases for class discussion; she has completed cases on such brands as TiVo, Apple iPod, Invisalign Orthodontics, and (as separate cases) the antibiotics Biaxin and Zithromax. For more information about Kellogg and 16 other top-ranked business schools, check out the free mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school. However, the educational experience you will have is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching Kellogg MBA students as a clinical professor of marketing, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms, and students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class, but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs 2007 L.G. Lavengood Outstanding Professor of the Year Awardâ"which is voted on by Kellogg students. In addition, she has won four student impact awards and five Chairâs Core Course Teaching Awardsâ"with the most recent having been conferred in 2013 and in 2010â"2011, respectively. And in the fall of 2016, Hennessy received the schoolâs Certificate for Impact Teaching Award. The schoolâs Web site notes that Hennessy focuses her writing efforts on producing new cases for class discussion; she has completed cases on such brands as TiVo, Apple iPod, Invisalign Orthodontics, and (as separate cases) the antibiotics Biaxin and Zithromax. For more information about Kellogg and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the free mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school. However, the educational experience you will have is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching Kellogg MBA students as a clinical professor of marketing and serving as associate chair of the Marketing Department, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms. Students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs L.G. Lavengood Outstanding Professor of the Year Awardâ"which is voted on by Kellogg studentsâ"in both 2007 and 2017. In addition, she has won six student impact awards and five Chairâs Core Course Teaching Awardsâ"most recently in 2017 and 2010â"2011, respectively. And in 2016, Hennessy received the schoolâs Certificate for Impact Teaching Award. Kelloggâs website notes that Hennessy focuses her writing on producing new cases for class discussion; she has completed cases on such brands as TiVo, Apple iPod, Invisalign Orthodontics, and (as separate cases) the antibiotics Biaxin and Zithromax. For more information about Northwestern Kellogg and 16 other top-ranked business schools, check out our free mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Professor Profiles Julie Hennessy, Northwesternâs Kellogg School of Management Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school to attend, but the educational experience is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we focus on Julie Hennessy from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Before students even began describing the quality of their educational experiences with Julie Hennessy (âMarketing and Marketing Strategyâ) to mbaMission, they noted that she âcares a lotâ and âmakes herself available to chat and talk about recruiting.â In addition to teaching Kellogg MBA students, Hennessy teaches executive education at leading firms, and students we interviewed reported that she draws on these experiences in class, but does not just tell stories. Instead, Hennessy challenges students and teases out the responses that facilitate learning. Students with whom we spoke also referred to her as âfunny and energetic.â Not surprisingly, then, Hennessy won the schoolâs 2007 L.G. Lavengood Outstanding Professor of the Year Awardâ"which is voted on by Kellogg students. In addition, for teaching the core âMarketing Managementâ course, she has won five Chairâs Core Course Teaching Awards, most recently in 2010â"2011. The schoolâs Web site notes that Hennessy focuses her writing efforts on producing new cases for class discussion; she recently completed cases on TiVo, Apple iPod, Invisalign Orthodontics and (as separate cases) the antibiotics Biaxin and Zithromax. For more information about Kellogg and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Northwestern University (Kellogg) Professor Profiles
Monday, May 25, 2020
D1D1- Evaluate the Impact of Organisations in Improving...
D1- Evaluate the impact of organisations in improving Human Health. In this section of the assignment I will be evaluating the impact of organisations in improving Human Health The council has put in place the recycling program, to try reduce and improve human health. The programme has managed to tackle landfills from being full with rubbish that can cause the air to pollute, causing severe damage to human health. The recycling program has had a positive impact on human health, less pollution in the air means people get to live a longer and healthier life because , environmental factors such as pollution is not causing so much damage to the air and environment. A reduction in landfill causes our health to become better as there isâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The national government put in place the 5p Plastic bag charge, to try to and improve human health. This law has been very beneficial for human health. It is known that plastic bags take over 500 years to break down in landfills and as a result of that these landfills can cause air pollution and land pollution, which can effect individualââ¬â¢s repository system and other illnesses. By having this law in place landfills are not filled up with so much plastic bag rubbish and as a result can be helping improve human health. More reusable bags. As the result of the 5p bag charge it has helped and linked in with recycling, people re using the bags because they want to avoid the 5p charge have helped with recycling , and recycling helps to improve human health as it helps the reduction of rubbish going in to landfills. However there are negative impacts that the 5p charge carries. Many people do not want to get charged for the 5p bag therefore they, would rather just carry their shopping, in either the shopping basket or D2- Compare the effectiveness of organisational approaches to a national or international approaches to a national or international environment health issues. In this assignment I will be comparing the effectiveness of 3 organisational approaches to national or international environmental health issue. International: United Nation has introduced the Agenda 21 to local governments to deal
Thursday, May 14, 2020
The Effects Of Police Brutality On Minority Communities
The Effects of Police Brutality on Minority Communities Police brutality thrives in the inner city regions where minority communities live and work. Police brutality is a crime punishable by law and is often instigated by law enforcement officers who are either racially biased or prone to authority abuse and violent (re)actions. Allegations abound concerning police brutality with police officers using unnecessary or excessive force, committing battery, conducting illegal body searches and bullying. Minority communities suffer most from the effects of police brutality because they have the least power and face detrimental consequences from law enforcement authorities. The antagonism between minority communities and law enforcement agenciesâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In all these cities, minority populations actually comprise the majority where Blacks and Hispanics rank high among these inner city inhabitants. At the same time, the inner city is the nesting ground for criminal elements. Based on multiple surveys, inner city neighborhoods breed the most crime than any other area. As a result, law enforcement officers regularly patrol the inner city and target lower-class urban dwellers. The tough approach on crime in the cities is a backlash resulting from the spiraling crime concentrated in poorer colonies of racial minorities. The illegal drug trade, firearms trade and gangsterism that prevail in the inner city are some reasons that legitimize the policeââ¬â¢s systematic clamping down on minority inner city residents. ââ¬Å"Police brutality, especially towards members of ethnic minorities, is widespread and severe, resulting in death in many cases. Although it is probably not ...due to official policy, it is undoubtedly able to occur so frequently because it is officially toleratedâ⬠(Sparks 1994). The police system conscientiously protects fellow officers from public prosecution as brutal police officers end up with reduced sentences and slighter penalties. In the classic Chad Holley case of March 2010, in which six officers of the Houston Police Department, kicked and beat to a pulp a fifteen year old juvenileShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Police Brutality On The Relationship1243 Words à |à 5 Pages Bad Blood: The Effects of Police Brutality on the Relationship Between Minorities and the Police Brandon Seigle June 16, 2017 CRJS 498 NC AT University ..................Column Break..................As children we are taught that not only are police officers our friends, but that their job is to protect and serve our communities. Unfortunately, for many minorities this image is shattered as incident after incident occurs in the streets of their communities. With todayââ¬â¢s technology, theseRead MorePolice Brutality Is Very Today s Society866 Words à |à 4 PagesPolice brutality is extremely prevalent in todayââ¬â¢s society. Police brutality is a police officer deliberately using excessive force, psychological attacks, and verbal abuse during law enforcement activities with the population. This unjust brutality is fueled from law enforcement taking action based on emotion or abusing the authority that has been given to them from the government. These actions are causing people, primarily minority groups, to rebel against law enforcement, and inexcusably createRead MorePolice Brutality : A Social Problem1548 Words à |à 7 PagesPolice brutality is a social problem faced in many communities around the world. Focusing on North America, the problems and central focuses on police brutality stem from racism and the excessive abuse of power. Police brutality is defined as unmerited, excessive and aggressive abuse, police brutality is a phenomenon that causes irreparable harm to its victims. The abuse may be physical or psychological, and the victims can feel the effects of this abuse for a lifetime. These effects include notRead MorePolice Brutality Essay1724 Words à |à 7 PagesPolice brutality is one of multiple forms of racial discrimination which involves unjustifiable violence by police officers. This term was first referred to in the works of the American press as early as 1872 in a report of a policeman beating of a civilian. These targeted civilian groups by police officers typically are those from powerless groups like minorities (Latinos and African-Americans), the youth, as well as the poor. T here has been a notable lack of commitment in the criminal justice systemRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1630 Words à |à 7 Pages Police Brutality is an ongoing problem and existent concern in the United States and should be resolved immediately. Law enforcement must function as an element that consists of organized and civilized officers. The presence of police brutality is becoming more of an issue as society grows. The problem posed by the illegal exercise of police power is an ongoing reality for individuals of a disfavored race, class, or sexual orientation. Police brutality must be stopped so that police do not forgetRead MorePolice Brutality Within The African American Community1265 Words à |à 6 PagesAsad Bidiwala RHE 306 August 13, 2015 Police Brutality within the African-American Community The specific audience of my argumentation is the racially ignorant white populations that refuse to acknowledge the idea that police brutality towards the African-American race is evident amongst our society. The racially ignorant white population assumes that police brutality is used as a defense mechanism rather than an appeal to racism towards African-Americans. This hostile audience becomes uncomfortableRead MoreEssay 21110 Words à |à 5 PagesApril 29, 2015 Professor Christian Heisler ENG-103(Argument Essay) Police Brutality has become a serious topic in todayââ¬â¢s time being that every time you turn on the TV you see them mention another act of violence from the police and since that were in 2015, cellphone cameras are being used to capture every single second of it, so it wonââ¬â¢t become he say, she say evidence. According to Salem Press Encyclopedia, police brutality is abuses of authority that amount to serious and divisive human rightsRead MorePolice Influence on Society822 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿ Police Influence on Society Police Influence on Society 1 The relationship between police and minority societies has always been a difficult one with many issues. Before the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960ââ¬â¢s African Americans were treated brutally by the police in the United States. African Americans along with other minority groups were often abused by police. Minorities were viewed to have no rights and this treatment was commonplace. This brutal treatmentRead MorePolice Brutality And Its Effect On Society1610 Words à |à 7 Pages Police Brutality in the USA Police brutality has adverse effects on society in its entirety and, hence, there is need to stop these acts so as to improve cohesiveness and the observation of the law in society. Police brutality is an old problem that has been around in this country for many years. Unfortunately, civilians have experienced it in their thousands, suffering varying degrees of damages, ranging from injuries or even loss of their lives at the hands of the brutal police. Even more dishearteningRead MoreThe Effects Of Police Brutality On Public Space Essay1241 Words à |à 5 PagesThomas 20 September 2016 The Effects of Police Brutality on Public Space For decades our country has witnessed many cases of police brutality, which has become a controversial topic among communities and in the media. Police Officers are faced with threatening situations daily that could cost them their life, forcing them to make quick decisions, expecting the worst and hoping for the best. It is evident that there is a tremendous amount of expectations placed on our police enforcement. Although conducted
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Jungle Paper, Social Justice - 4076 Words
Running Head: IMPRESSIONS OF THE JUNGLE FROM A SOCIAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE Impressions of the Jungle From a Social Justice Perspective The Jungle by Upton Sinclair Sherree Boyce Lehman College Author Note This paper was prepared for Social Welfare Institutions and Program, SWK, 639, Section 81, taught by Professor Yvonne Johnson The novel, The Jungle by Upton Sinclair depicts the lives of poor immigrants in the United States during the early 1900ââ¬â¢s. Sinclair is extremely effective in this novel at identifying and expressing the perils and social concerns of immigrants during this era. The turmoil that immigrants faced was contingent on societal values during the era. There was a Social Darwinist sentimentâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The next level would include safety needs, personal and financial security health and well being. As you move up the pyramid the needs increase to love and belonging, self ââ¬âesteem and the highest level would include self-actualization, reaching oneââ¬â¢s full potential. The theory is that you can not reach the highest level without first obtaining the basics. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maslow%27s_hierarchy_of_needs, 10/20/10) The Jungle both supports and refutes this theory. It supports it, considering that Jurgisââ¬â¢ family could not progress because their main focus was survival, food, clothing shelter. However, Jurgis reaches the highest level of self actualization during a period where his basic needs are not meet, when he decides to join the political party of Socialism. It is not until he joins this party that Jurgis understands his purpose. Jurgis and his family would have greatly benefited from many of the social services, policies /programs available today including child abuse and child labor laws, social insurance programs, workerââ¬â¢s compensation, free and subsidized medical insurance, social security insurance and institutions /programs such as shelters, Human Resource Administration and soup kitchens. Child Abuse, Neglect, Maltreatment Laws: A great majority of the poor immigrant was neglected in the town of Packingtown, Chicago. The children were allowed to rummage throughShow MoreRelatedSocialism in The Jungle Essay1109 Words à |à 5 PagesSocialism in The Jungle The Rudkus family arrived from Lithuania to find Chicago as a city in which justice and honor, womens bodies and mens souls, were for sale in the marketplace, and human beings writhed and fought and fell upon each other like wolves in the pit, in which lusts were raging fires, and men were fuel, and humanity was festering and stewing and wallowing in its own corruption. (Pg.165) The city, during the time span of the novel, was truly a jungle-like society in whichRead MoreUpton Sinclair s The Jungle1630 Words à |à 7 PagesWritten at the turn of the 20th century, Upton Sinclairââ¬â¢s The Jungle took place in an era of unprecedented advancement in civilization where the American economy had risen to become one of the wealthiest on the planet. However, Sinclair asserts that the rise of capitalist America resulted in the virulent corruption and competition that plighted society into an untamed ââ¬Å"jungle.â⬠Shown by the corruption of the Chicago meatpacking industry, Sinclai r highlights the repulsive filth of human greed thatRead MoreThe Racial Contract Is Grounded On Three Of Today s Political System1419 Words à |à 6 Pagesother political philosophers in history have neglected to discuss race because of their own racial privileges. However, this is ironic given the significant of race and what social and political constraints race has put on certain groups of people. At the same time, race provides superiority for whites in the political and social spheres. Mills explains, ââ¬Å"A Racial Contract might be more revealing of the real character of the world we are living in, and the corresponding historical deficiencies of itsRead MoreEssay on Uptian Sinclair And Socialism2267 Words à |à 10 Pagesgrasped the concept of it until I read the book The Jungle and began to research for this paper. Before I begin I would like to go through a condensed version of the history of Socialism. It was founded in 1901 in Indianapolis, Indiana. Two groups came together to form the Socialists, the Social Democratic Party and the ââ¬Å"Kangarooâ⬠wing of the older Socialist Labor Party. These parties contained mostly immigrant workers from big cities (Jurgis from The Jungle was one such fictional worker). The new partyRead MoreLiterary Analysis : The Crucible 1195 Words à |à 5 PagesBook Club Paper Throughout American history, no matter what time period, humans have been categorized, discriminated against, and treated according to their class, financial status, and race. Many concrete and obvious examples of this have appeared throughout the years, ranging from the Salem witch trials in the late 1600ââ¬â¢s, all the way to the recent civil rights movements in the 1950ââ¬â¢s and 60ââ¬â¢s. Social history uses personal stories to show how class/status and race played a part in the way peopleRead MoreEssay on Sociology: Black Like Me1713 Words à |à 7 Pagescountry could very likely lead to a sever beating or death by the hands of an unruly mob. He needed to be ââ¬Å"educatedâ⬠to know his roles in various situations, so he could behave ââ¬Å"decentlyâ⬠in order to stay away from such troubles. The discriminating social stratification in 1950ââ¬â¢s developed a set of servile behavior on the blacks. They were thought to be inferior to whites, and were treated accordingly. Moreover, different parts of the country had various ranges of sensitivities while dealing with theRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And Its Effects On Society Essay1302 Words à |à 6 Pagesillegal crimes: distribution of drugs, possession, prostitution, carry firearms, burglary, theft, and murder. Many scholars conducted their own definitions of gangs. However, there is no single definition. According to the National Institution of Justice, ââ¬Å"much of the research literature about gangs focuses primarily on youth gangs, as opposed to adult gangs. Researchers accept the following criteria for classifying groups as gangs: the group has three or more members, generally aged 12-24, membersRead MoreReview : On Working Class Environmentalism : A Historical And Transnational Overview Essay1859 Words à |à 8 Pagesand Transnational Overview Written by Stefania Barca in 2012 Abstract This paper reviews from the article written by Stefania Barca, with the title of class environmentalism: a historical and transnational overview. I will elaborate the problem of environmental Justice in US and Brazil, in regards to the problem of the working class struggle in promoting Environmental Justice. In here, I believe that the Environmental Justice will be achieved if the government concern more into the welfare of the societyRead MoreMuckrakers in the Progressive Era2521 Words à |à 11 Pagesconcentration, corporate power, poverty, food safety, and political corruption.à Extraordinary muckrakers are Jane Addams, Carrie Chapman Catt, Upton Sinclair, Alice Paul, and Edwin Markham. Jane Addams was an advocate for the rights of improving social conditions in the urban areas for the poor immigrants and workers living in slums.à People living in the slums had to live in terrible conditions.à Large households were living in a small, cramped living space in tenements that were overcrowded withRead MoreBob Marley ââ¬Å" the Political Movement Behind the Musicâ⬠Essay1631 Words à |à 7 Pagesout when compared to others because of their political views ,but when spirituality is used to infuse the souls of many who share a common life experience through the means of music this is an iconic event. The focal point of this paper is to illustrate the social change and impact that Bob Marley had upon a vast majority of the worldââ¬â¢s population. His influence upon the many who experienced the different aspects of poverty and hardships in their daily lives . In 1944 Captain Norval
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Corporation Business and Corporation Law
Question: Discuss about the case study Corporation for Business and Corporation Law. Answer: Introduction: According to law, a contract or agreement between individuals in which either of the parties can lawfully compel the performance of the other is known as enforceable agreement (Alan Robert, 2003; p. 25). This means that the agreement or contract carries the force of law behind it. The courts can also become involved in enforcing contracts, with the inclusion of having a portion declared void. In the situation presented, Jane has simply made Jack an offer without stating a price limit of how much it should sell for. Therefore, the contract is rather open and it is Jack who is to decide whether or not to accept the offer. Moreover, he is not obliged by law to fulfill the particulars of this contract or act upon it. Application/Analysis Jane has made an offer to give her Lotus Super 7 sports car to Jack. She has not stated any price in terms of how much the car should go for. However, Jane has only stated the market value of this type of car in good condition. Given these facts, this type of agreement or contract is an unenforceable one even though it is still considered valid. Therefore, a legal entity cannot compel one or both parties to act on it or fulfill its terms and conditions since there is a public policy or statute making it unenforceable (Leigh, 2001; p. 74). Jane may not succeed in selling her Lotus Super 7 sports car to Jack especially if Jack finds the offer unfavorable. Moreover, Jack is not legally liable to fulfill the terms and conditions of this particular agreement because it is only the market value which has been stated. On the other hand, Jack may counteroffer this offer by offering a lower price than the $25,000 for the sports car since he has already accepted it. Jane offers to sell Jack her Lotus Super 7 sports car for $25,000. The market value for this type of vehicle in good condition is around $25,000. Jack accepts. Issue The issue here is whether or not an enforceable agreement is present when Jack accepts the offer. Rules As already indicated, an enforceable agreement is that which either parties can lawfully induce the performance of the other. In this case, there is an enforceable agreement because Jane has not only offered a selling value for her Lotus Super 7 sports car, but has also indicated the market value for this type of vehicle in good condition. In addition, Jack has accepted to fulfill the terms of this agreement. This means that he has been legally obliged to act on the contract, lest he be held liable for breach of contract. Application/Analysis Jane made an offer for her Lotus Super 7 sports car at $25,000. Notably, this price is similar to the market value of the vehicle in good condition. Jack has accepted the offer. One may conclude that the vehicle was in good condition because of the similarity in prices. Therefore, Jane would get value for her sports car and would not go at a loss. Conclusion Given the fact that this particular contract is enforceable, Jack would be held liable for breach of contract if he fails to honor its terms. Jane is also offering the vehicle in good condition and this is perhaps the reason why Jack has accepted the offer. Jane offers to sell Jack her Lotus Super 7 sports car for $2,500. The market value for this type of vehicle in good condition is around $25,000. Jack accepts. Issue The issue here is whether or not an enforceable agreement is present when Jack accepts the offer. Rules In this case, the contract is enforceable. Jane has offered to sell her Lotus Super 7 sports car at a much lower value than its market price. This is an attractive price for any potential buyer. However, a contract or agreement, oral or written, may be difficult to enforce unless the terms therein can be evidenced or are admitted by the parties involved (Mather, 1999; p. 76). Once Jane has accepted payment or Jack has accepted delivery of the sports car covered by the oral contract, it makes the agreement valid even in a court of law. Application/Analysis Jane has offered to sell her vehicle to Jack at a lower price than that of its market value. Jack has accepted, making the contract valid. Looking at these facts, the parties involved are not only competent individuals who have the lawful capacity to contract, but have also agreed to the terms laid therein. There is also mutuality of obligation. Notably, Jack has apparently made a counteroffer and received a lower price than the vehicles market value. Jane has accepted the counteroffer and is willing to fulfill the terms of the contract. Conclusion If this was a court case, Jack would not prevail because he has already accepted the offer made particularly after making the counteroffer. It may be assumed that the vehicle is not in good condition and thus cannot be offered at its market value. This means that Jack has accepted to receive the Lotus Super 7 sports car at the value being offered by Jane, and will make the necessary repairs or alterations himself. Failure to pay for the vehicle may result in a legal suit. A shipbuilder had contracted to build a tanker for North Ocean Tankers. The contract was in US dollars and didnt contain any provisions for currency fluctuations. Approximately halfway through construction of the ship, the United States devalued its currency by 10%. As the shipbuilder stood to make a loss on the contract, it demanded that an extra US$3 million be paid or it would stop working. The buyer reluctantly agreed under protest to pay, as he already had a charter for the tanker and it was essential that it be delivered on time. The buyer didnt commence action to recover the excess payment until some nine months after deliver. Will the buyer succeed in recovering the excess? Issue The issue here is whether or not the buyer will succeed in recovering the excess. Rules In the case presented, the buyer will not succeed in recovering the excess payment because it is considered to be void. A contract made not more than nine months or 180 days before the judgment against the buyer became uncollectible between the buyer and shipbuilder in which the former had a financial interest. If the tanker has experienced normal wear and tear, then the buyer shall be liable to the shipbuilder for the full amount the former paid for the contract (Beaston, n.d.; p. 43). Otherwise, the buyer shall only be liable to the shipbuilder for the market value of the tanker. From what can be deduced in the case presented, the contract did not include any provisions regarding currency fluctuations. An unexpected incident which was the devaluing of the currency by 10% was observed. This meant that the shipbuilder would incur losses on the initial contract. A contract between the shipbuilder and the buyer pursuant to which the latter has paid or agreed to pay the money to the for mer, and where the shipbuilder has not yet carried out the obligations under the contract, makes this effort uncollectable. The buyer in this case reluctantly agreed to pay for the loss incurred by the buyer following the currency devaluation. However, he did not proceed to recover the excess payment until some one hundred and eighty days after delivery. Application/Analysis The facts of the case are that a shipbuilder had contracted to build a tanker. In the agreement, there were no provisions with respect to currency fluctuations. Nevertheless, a fluctuation did take place and the shipbuilder refused to continue working on the tanker until he was paid an extra amount of money. Legal contracts or agreements seeking to offer clarity and certainty for parties involved require that certain components be agreed upon before being lawfully enforceable. These elements include parties, property, and price. The additional payment for the loss incurred was not included in the original contract and therefore meant that it would be determined by the purchasers word-of-mouth or promise (Slawson, n.d.; p. 90). There was no wholly acceptable price or provisions for currency fluctuations in the contract. Moreover, there was no objective mechanism laid out in case of such incidents while the shipbuilder was building the tanker. The buyer was coerced into making the extr a payment because he/she had a deadline to beat. Notably, he pursued the recovery of the excess payment nine months after the tanker had been delivered to him. According to the law, despite the misunderstanding in between the fulfillment of the contract terms, the shipbuilder managed to complete the construction of the tanker and deliver it on time. He did not breach the contract. However, the buyer was late in pursuing this particular issue and thus rendered the recovery of the excess amount void. The buyer had an opportunity to cancel the contract with the shipbuilder when the currency fluctuated, but he did not. By law, when the shipbuilder communicated his disinterest in continuing to build the tanker for the buyer, he was indirectly breaching the contract. But since the buyer was willing to reluctantly cater for the loss incurred, the contract was not terminated (Bakan, 2004; p. 45). Notably, failure by the shipbuilder to carry out the obligation to provide the buyer with the necessary conditions within the time established by the contract and lack of proof of readiness of the tanker for shipment, constitute the shipbuilders failure to perform as per the contract. This condition is admitted as reasonable claim for the recovery of excess payment made by the buyer and the penalty founded on that payment. Conclusion Looking at the case presented, it has been established that the buyer will not succeed in recovering the excess payment. If this was a court case, it would be found that the shipbuilder has no case to answer and is not liable for anything. The fact of the matter is that the buyer made an effort to recover the excess nine months after delivery of the tanker. This means that the agreement of the contract had already been fulfilled despite the brief misunderstanding following the currency fluctuation. The shipbuilder did not breach the initial contract despite there being no knowledge of future occurrences. For recovery of excess payment in a contract to take place, there needs to be a number of conditions for instance the pursuance is made prior to the nine months deadline. Recovery can also be made if the contract was breached, and only partial fulfillment of the original contract was completed. The buyer can also be successful in recovery of payment if he/she had opted to terminate o r cancel the initial contract at the point when the shipbuilder requested for additional payment following the currency fluctuation (Muchlinski, 2007; p. 77). Recovery of excess payment would be made possible if this payment was made under fraudulent circumstances. However, the shipbuilder was quite clear about his condition despite the fact that the terms of the contract had not yet been fulfilled. The initial contract was binding and considered valid. Therefore, any payment that would be made in the course of the contract period would also be considered lawful. Moreover, the factors necessary for a contract to be considered valid or legal were present, for instance consent, acceptance, offer, consideration, contractual terms, and capacity (Seidl-Hohenveldern, n.d.; p. 97). When changes were made in the course of fulfilling the contract, the buyer did not refuse to pay the extra charges. There was no fraud, carelessness, favoritism, collusion, or misrepresentation in this particular case. That is why the buyer will not be able to recover the excess. References Alan, S., and Robert, S, E., 2003. Contract Theory and the Limits of Contract Law. The Yale Law Journal, 113(3). Alan, S., and Robert, S, E., 2010. Contract Interpretation Redux. The Yale Law Journal, 119(5). Andrew, R., 2005. The Limits of Voluntariness in Contract. Melbourne University Law Review, 29(1). Bakan, J., 2004. The corporation: The pathological pursuit of profit and power, New York: Free Press. Beaston, J. E. ., and Friedman, D. E., n.d. Good Faith and Fault in Contract Law. USA: Claredon Press. Buckley, F, H., 2005. Just Exchange: A Theory of Contracts. London: Routledge. DiMatteo, L, A., n.d. Contract Theory: The Evolution of Contractual Agreement. USA: Michigan State University Press. Kreither, R., 2007. Calculating Promises: The Emergence of Modern American Contract Doctrine. USA: Stanford University Press. Leigh, B., 2001. Freedom of or Freedom from? The Enforceability of Contracts and the Integrity of the LLC. Duke Law Journal, 50(4). Mather, H., 1999. Contract Law and Morality. Westport, C,T: Greenwood Press. Muchlinski, P., 2007. Multinational enterprises and the law. 2nd Edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Omri, B-S., and Bernstain, L., 2000. The Secrecy Interest in Contract Law. The Yale Law Journal, 109(8). Posner, E, A., 2003. Economic Analysis of Contract Law after Three Decades: Success or Failure? The Yale Law Journal, 112(4). Randin, M, J., 2012. Bipolerate: The Fine Print, Vanishing Rights, and the Rule of Law. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Seidl-Hohenveldern, I., n.d. Corporations in and under international law, Cambridge, UK: Grotius. Slawson, D., n.d. Binding Promises: The Late 20th Century Reformation of Contract Law. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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